Черепа с трепанациями из курганных могильников Пермского Предуралья

Abstract

The article deals with the cases of damage of the calvaria, that were fixed on a material from burials barrows of the Peoples’ Great Migration period from the Perm Urals. Burial mounds appeared on the Upper Kama in the IVth century AD and they existed until VIIth century AD. Anthropological material, which was obtained from the burials of three burial mounds such as Kalashnikov V-VI centuries AD, Chazеvsky I end of the VI-VII centuries AD and Mitinsky end of the IV-VI centuries AD. Out of fifteen examined skulls, nine of them had traces of repeated interventions in the bone structure of the cranial vault. All damages have signs of the healing, except in the one case. Slice of an unhealed intervention in the skull bone has been studied with a microscope. All these bone defects have similar morphology and localization. Based on the observations, the damage is interpreted as signs of the lifetime trepanation prevalence in cases of the symbolic trepanations.On the skulls from the later burial grounds from the Perm region, there are evidences of tampering in the integrity of the cranial vault bones weren’t found. Thus, the tradition of trepanations disappeared after the burial mounds ceased to exist.

Представлены результаты изучения трепанированных черепов населения Пермского Предуралья, полученных из курганных могильников.