Determinants of the situation of youth in the labour market of youth in the labour market

Abstract

The main purpose of the article is to consider demand-side and supply-side determinants of the situation of the youth in the process of the economic activation. The hypothesis of the article is following: relatively high unemployment level among the youth is determined both by the demand factors connected with employers and by the supply factors associated with the young people. The structure of the article is as follows. In the beginning the criteria of defining the social groups at the young age were covered and the terms: “the youth” and “graduate” were conceptualised in detail. Next the determinants of the economic situation of the youth in labour market were classified into two groups: either connected with the supply or with the demand side of the labour market. Afterwards contemporary labour market theories were presented to explain the relatively worse situation of the youth in the process of economic activation. Subsequently statistical data on earning expectations of the young people and unemployment were presented. The results of public opinion surveys about the wage expectations carried out among students in the Poznan University of Economics and Business in Poland, but also in the Irkutsk region in Russia were shown. In turn, the youth unemployment rate in Russia and Poland in 2008-2017 were pictured and analysed. At the end recapitulation was presented.

В статье охвачены критерии определения социальных групп молодежи, детально рассмотрены термины «молодежь» и «выпускник». Детерминанты экономического положения молодежи на рынке труда разделены на две группы: связанные с предложением либо со стороны спроса на рынке труда. Представлены современные теории рынка труда, для объяснения положения молодежи на рынке труда.