Реконструкция природного окружения и жизнеобеспечения западносибирской русской деревни XVII-XVIII вв.: (по материалам археологического комплекса Ананьино-I)

Abstract

The article is devoted to the results of reconstruction of the environment and life-support systems of the Russian West Siberian village of the XVII-XVIII centuries, based on materials of the archaeological Anan’ino-I sites. This village was founded about 1600-1624, and was abandoned until the middle of the XIX century. In this work we defined the main factors that influenced the choice of habitat for Russian pioneers. First of all, the first settlements were built in the vicinity of castles and forts, and had their own fortifications. It was explained by the hostility of the local population and frequent raids of the nomads from the southern steppes. The second important factor was the proximity of fertile arable land for the agriculture, which in the conditions of the actual selfdependence of Siberia of the XVII century was especially important. Settlements were built on the banks of rivers and lakes, which served as a source of water and fish, and performed the functions of the main ways of Siberia. The third important factor was the presence of hunting grounds, where pioneers got meat and fur of animals. Besides, the life support system of a particular settlement depended on the social status of inhabitants living in it.

Приведены результаты археологической реконструкции природного окружения русской деревни Западной Сибири 17-18 вв.