Херсонес Таврический: динамика территории и проблема жизнеобеспечения (от поздней архаики до раннего Средневековья)

Abstract

The preservation of monuments of Tauric Chersonesos allows us to examine the dynamics of its development like a process of development of its territory for providing a functioning economy. Long-term research made it possible to present a formation and development of the city in stages (no less than 6-7) of development and loss of its territory. Tauric Chersonesos started its Antic history as a small polis, and became a big “territorial” country in the Western Crimea region at the end of the Classical period and at the beginning of the Hellenistic times. The delimitation of Near Chora in Southwestern Crimea and the development of Far Chora in Northwestern Crimea happened at this time. As a result a huge agricultural area was created. Chersonesos started its own amphorae manufacturing and trade with policies of the Pontic and Aegean regions and also with barbarians. Later – at the end of the Hellenistic period its ownerships decreased significantly because of the limits of the Heracleian Peninsula. Nevertheless it allowed them to get income from trading. A new transition began in the middle of the 4th century, when a new material culture spread and building of Christian churches started. They produced wine, salted fish and the fish sauce (an intermediary trade and crafts also developed). The local barbarian population was a permanent consumer of Byzantine import through Chersonesos – Cherson. Diverse amphorae containers from the Pontic and East Mediterranean regions were distributed from 4th to 7th centuries. The end of this era is connected with Arab expansion, wars and economic catastrophe in the Eastern part of the Empire.

Приведены результаты археологического исследования античной истории и жизнеобеспечения Херсонеса Таврического.