Формирование государственного суверенитета ранней Византии

Abstract

В данной статье рассказывается об этапах становления государственного суверенитета Ранней Византии, а также об основных структурных элементах этого процесса. Результатом политического разделения Римской империи стало создание независимой государственности на Римском Востоке. Этот процесс состоит из трех этапов: правление Лициния (313-324), правление Констанция II (337-350), правление Валента (364-378). Здесь неоднократно формировался и урезался государственный суверенитет. Датой окончательного раздела Римской империи считается 364 год.

This article tells about the stages of formation of the state sovereignty of the Early Byzantium, and also about the basic structural elements of this process. Political divisions of the Roman Empire were resulted by the creation of the independent statehood in Roman East. There are three stages of this process: the reign of Licinius (313-324), the reign of Constantius II (337-350), the reign of Valens (364-378). The state sovereignty repeatedly was formed and was curtailed here. The date of the final partition of the Roman Empire is 364. The basic elements of the independent statehood are shown in acquisition of its own populated territory and independent public authority, which follows from its own administrative structures, independent external and internal policy and its own political elite. In 394, for the emperor Theodosius, after a victory above Eugenius, was opened an opportunity of unification of the political structures of the Eastern and Western Empires. But it was not realized because of illness and death of Theodosius in the beginning of 395. In such short term (only four months) it was impossible to create uniform administrative institutes. The «division» of the empire in January 395 was carry out without beginning. It did not give a new quality to the young Byzantine state.