Стратегия выживания в кочевых обществах Восточной Европы в древности и в средневековье

Abstract

The article focuses on an overview of the demographic characteristics of the nomadic cultures of the East European steppes and, based on the options there possible strategies for survival in conditions of nomadic pastoralism are discussed. To this end, the author analyzed a number of demographic indicators: infant mortality; sex and age structure; the average age of survival; the ratio by sex; deaths of women of reproductive age, and others. There is the complexity of the determination of some demographic processes as integral elements of the life-support system for all historical periods shown. This problem stems from the fact that, since the turn of the eras, criteria such as infant mortality and the proportion of women in the groups is difficult to determine because of the low representativity or even the lack of (mound ?). In conclusion, we want to tell about the possible survival strategies that have chosen for themselves the various chronological groups of nomads. First of all it is connected with the formation of life-support system that was focused on nomadic economic and cultural identity, and second, it is connected with local factors, reflecting the migratory nature of the Late formation of community and participation in military clashes among the population of pre-Golden Horde period cemetery near Sarkel Belaya Vezha. Besides, the emphasis on the specifics of the demographic processes that were adaptive by their nature.

Изучаются демографические структуры кочевников Восточной Европы и их стратегии выживания.