Расселение ранних людей современного типа (Homo Sapiens) в Евразии: современное состояние вопроса

Abstract

This paper provides the updated overview on the dispersal of anatomically modern humans (H. sapiens sapiens) in Eurasia, based on two lines of evidence: 1) 14C-dated finds of the Pleistocene modern humans; and 2) ancient DNA data derived from them. Some specimens dated by U-series method (Skhul and Manot caves, Israel; Niah Cave, Malaysia; and Tabon Cave, Philippines), and also indirectly-dated ones (Tam Pa Ling, Laos; and KzarAkil, Lebanon), are used as well. The results of the study show that the ‘exodus’ of modern humans from Africa took place around 60,000–70,000 years ago; the Levant region might have been settled earlier, at ca. 130,000 years ago. Since ca. 60,000–70,000 years ago, modern humans have spread from the Levant in all directions, primarily to the east (reaching Southeast Asia at ca. 50,000–35,000 years ago) and to the north (reaching central West Siberian Plain at ca. 45,000 years ago). The dispersal toward the west (i.e., Europe) took place later, at ca. 40,000 years ago. The human talus bone was found at the Baigara locality in Western Siberia, first 14C dated to greater than 40,300 BP, was re-dated at three laboratories, with younger results, ca. 9000 BP. The initial determination of the 14C age, which turned out to be erroneous, was due to misplacement of the samples. The Baigara find should be removed from the corpus of the Pleistocene humans in Siberia.

Представлена новейшая информация о первоначальной миграции человека современного типа в Евразию.