Оберег в системе ритуалов по охране скота у коми Нижнего Притоболья

Abstract

The rituals for the cattle protection that were practiced by Komi people in Lower Pritobol’e are observed. The sources of the research are field data materials, got in the ethnographic expeditions of IPDN SB RAS in the Tyumen and the Omsk regions in the 2000s. The ways of magical defense of cattle (cows) are pointed out. The ceremonies were committed according to the life changing moments such as a purchase of cattle, moving cattle to a new home, the first pasture, fawning, getting ready for the first milking, some calendar holidays (Christmas, Epiphany, the feast of St. Blaise, Palm Sunday, Maundy Thursday). The ways to influence well-being of cattle, to coax Domovoi (staichnyi is the one who lives in a shed), to protect and to treat the evil eye and magic curse are shown. Animal-care objects, elements of a harness, belt or apron of the owners, elements of domestic stoves, grain, bread, salt, water, willow, mother-of-thyme, plants from worshiped places, pike teeth are main attributes of the actions for magical animals’ protection. In some cases, the rituals are accompanied by spells (prayers). The influence of Christian traditions predominates in the modern protective rituals.

Исследуются охранительные ритуалы в крестьянском хозяйстве коми Нижнего Притоболья.